| Zefiro | |
|---|---|
| Bombardier Zefiro 380 | |
| Power type | Electric |
| Designer | Bombardier |
| Builder | Bombardier |
| Build date | 2009- |
| UIC classification | BoBo-2'2'-2'2'-BoBo-BoBo-2'2'-2'2'-BoBo (300 km/h/186 mph 8 car version)[1] |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) |
| Wheel diameter | 915 mm (36.0 in)/835 mm (32.9 in) (new/worn)[1] |
| Wheelbase | 17.375 m (57.00 ft) (between bogie centres)[1] |
| Length | 26.390 m (86.58 ft) (driving car)[2] 24.775 m (81.28 ft) (intermediate cars)[2] |
| Width | 2.9 or 3.4 m (9 ft 6 in or 11 ft 2 in) [1][2] |
| Height | 3.890 m (12 ft 9.1 in) [1] |
| Axle load | 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons) |
| Power supply | (?) |
| Electric system | Overhead catenary 1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 kV AC & 25 kV 50 Hz AC (any of)[1][3] |
| Current collection method |
Pantograph |
| Top speed | 250 to 380 km/h (155 to 236 mph) [3] |
| Train brakes | Electro-dyanamic (regenerative) and electro-pneumatic disc[1] |
The Bombardier Zefiro trains are a family of high speed and very high speed passenger trains with top operating speeds from 250 km/h (155 mph) upwards. The trains are the design of Bombardier Transportation.
The Zefiro 250 with a top operating speed of 250 km/h (155 mph), wholly manufactured in China, and the Zefiro 300 with a top operating speed of 300 km/h (186 mph), and the Zefiro 380 make up this family of trains.
Contents |
Bombardier transportation and its predecessor companies produced a variety of high speed trainsets,[4] as part collaborations with other conglomerates, such as the Intercity-Express family of locomotives[5] (Germany), AVE Class 102,[5] RENFE class 130 (Spain), ICN (Switzerland), the Acela express[5] (USA), and parts of the TGV Duplex, Eurostar, Thalys, and ETR 500[5] trainsets (Europe various). Additionally the company has independently produced high speed trainsets for specific markets, such as CRH1, "Xinshisu"(X 2000)[5] (China), Regina (Sweden) and BM71 (Norway).[6]
In November 2005 Bombardier launched its general solution Zefiro single deck trains for high speed rail lines, available in 4, 8,12 or 16 car sets,[4] capable of being configured for a variety of supply voltages,[3] and produced in either standard (2.9 m/9 ft 6 in) or a wide (3.4 m/11 ft 2 in) widths.[2]
The Zefiro trainsets are a conventional (non-inter coach articulated) single deck electrical multiple unit high speed train, consisting of powered (motor car) and unpowered cars (trailer cars), with motorized power cars at either end (motorized end car).[4] Car bodies are of aluminium construction[note 1] with customisable open plan.[7]
Trains are made up of 4 car units; each four car unit contains a transformer and its own power supply. Typically the end cars have powered bogies, with the two middle cars being unpowered. The pantograph is located on one of the unpowered cars.[1]
The specifications for all current designs (2009) describe asynchronous three phase motors, with forced air cooling.,[1] however Bombardier offers the option of permanent magnet synchronous motors[8] tested on modified Regina trains in 2008 on the "Green Train" (Swedish: Gröna Tåget)[9] which it groups in its "ECO4" energy saving technologies[10]
| Zefiro 250 | |
|---|---|
| Constructed | 2009- |
| Formation | 8 or 16 cars (sleeper or seated)[11] |
| Capacity | 480 beds, 16 luxury beds, 122 seats (16 car sleeper version)[11] |
| Operator | Chinese Ministry of Railways |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Stainless steel carbody in wide profile[11] |
| Train length | 216 m (709 ft) (8 cars), 428.9 m (1,407 ft)(16 cars)[11] |
| Car length | 28.25 m (92.7 ft) (Cab cars), 26.6 m (87 ft 3 in) (Intermediate cars)[11] |
| Width | 3.328 m (10 ft 11.0 in)[11] |
| Height | 4.04 m (13 ft 3 in)[11] |
| Maximum speed | 250 km/h (155 mph)[11] |
| Weight | 890 t (880 long tons; 980 short tons) (16-car trainset)[11] |
| Axle load | 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons) |
| Acceleration | 0.6 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2)[11] |
| Power output | 13.5 MW (18,100 hp) (for propulsion), 11 MW (15,000 hp) (CRH1E)[11] |
| Transmission | AC - AC |
| Power supply | Overhead catenary |
| Electric system(s) | 25 kV 50 Hz AC [11] |
| Current collection method | Pantograph |
| Bogies | Regina type ("FLEXX link") with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase[11] |
| Braking system(s) | Electro-pneumatic, Regenerativce |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[11] |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) Standard gauge |
The first variant of the Zefiro concept produced was a series of 20 16 car EMU sleeper trains produced by Bombardier's joint venture Sifang Power (Qingdao) Transportation (BSP) being delivered from 2009. These trains were the first high speed trains license manufactured in China as well as the highest speed sleeper trains at that time.[5]
Under China railways use they are classified class CRH1E.[12]
Starting acceleration is greater than 0.6 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2), with a 16 car train weight of 859 t (845 long tons; 947 short tons) and an axle load of 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons), bogie type is that found on the Regina (train) with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase with 63% of axles motorized.[13]
In July 2010 The Ministry of Railways ordered 40 more 8-car 250 km/h (155 mph) CRH1 Zefiro high speed trains from the Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd joint venture.[14]
| Zefiro 300 | |
|---|---|
| Formation | up to 16car[13] |
| Capacity |
600 seats (8 car)[13] 1,200 seats (16 car)[13] |
| Operator | Trenitalia |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Aluminium carbody, UIC profile[13] |
| Train length | 202 m (663 ft) (8 car train), 402 m (1,319 ft) (16 car train)[13] |
| Width | 2.9 m (9 ft 6 in) |
| Maximum speed | 300 to 360 km/h (186 to 224 mph)[13] |
| Weight | (?) |
| Axle load | ~17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons).[13] |
| Acceleration | > 0.6 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2) [13] |
| Power output | 8.8 MW (11,800 hp) (8 car train @300 km/h/186 mph)[13] |
| Power supply | Overhead catenary |
| Electric system(s) | 1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 kV 16.7 Hz & 25 kV 50 Hz AC |
| Current collection method | Pantograph |
| Bogies | "FLEXX speed", 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) wheelbase[13] |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[13] |
The Zefiro 300 type is intended for european operations, with a UIC profile, and capable of being fitted for use on all four european electrification schemes (1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 & 25 kV AC). Bogies are FLEXX type with 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) wheelbase[13] with 50% motorized, starting acceleration is >0.60 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2) an axle load of ~17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons).[13] Two 8 car sets can work in multiple.[13]
A variant the V300 Zefiro was offered by Bombardier in association with AnsaldoBreda to Trenitalia as part of a bid for 50 new high speed trainsets in 2010.[15] Trenitalia selected this bid as the winner on 5 August 2010.[16] These will enter service in 2013 and will be designated ETR1000.[17]
| Zefiro 380 | |
|---|---|
| Entered service | 2012[3] |
| Formation | 8 or 16 car[18] |
| Capacity | 664 seats (max) 8 car 1,336 seats (max) 16 car[18] |
| Operator | Chinese Ministry of Railways |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Aluminium carbody, wide profile[18] |
| Train length | 215.3 m (706 ft) (8 car) 428.1 m (1,405 ft) (16 car)[18] |
| Car length | 27.85 m (91 ft 4 in) (Cab car) 26.6 m (87 ft 3 in) (Intermediate car)[18] |
| Width | 3.4 m (11 ft 2 in)[18]zefiro.bombardier.com</ref> |
| Height | 4.16 m (13 ft 8 in)[18]zefiro.bombardier.com</ref> |
| Maximum speed | 380 km/h (236 mph) |
| Weight | 462 t (455 long tons; 509 short tons) (Empty) 1,088 t (1,071 long tons; 1,199 short tons) (Full axle load)[18] |
| Acceleration | 0.48 m/s2 (1.6 ft/s2)[18] |
| Power output | 20 MW (26,800 hp) (16 car @380 km/h/236 mph) 10 MW (13,400 hp) (8 car @380 km/h/236 mph)[18] |
| Transmission | AC - AC |
| Power supply | Overhead catenary |
| Electric system(s) | 25 kV 50 Hz AC |
| Current collection method | Pantograph |
| UIC classification | Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′ (8 car set) Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′ (16 car set) |
| Bogies | "FLEXX speed" with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase[18] |
| Braking system(s) | Regenerative and pneumatic |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[18] |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) Standard gauge |
In September 2009, Bombardier announced an order for 80 Zefiro 380 very high speed trains by the Chinese Ministry of Railways (MOR) to be produced at Bombardier's joint venture Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd. The order of twenty 16 car sets and sixty 8 car sets was estimated to be worth 27.4 billion RMB (approx 2.7€ billion or $4 billion). The value of Bombardier's share is estimated at 1.3€ billion. [19][20]
Under China railways use these trains have been designated CRH1C (8 car set) and CRH1D (16 car set).[12] which was later revised to CRH380C and CRH380CL and once again to CRH380D (8 car set) & CRH380DL (16 car set) with the introduction of a new CRH380C design.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||